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针对硬岩岩爆问题,研制岩爆倾向性材料和断面围岩成形和卸荷的一体化装置,同时为得到因钻爆法或TBM施工造成的围岩损伤对岩爆破裂的影响,在围岩左侧帮预制与临空面平行的非贯通裂隙,制作物理模型,对具有岩爆倾向性的方形巷(隧)道围岩破裂模式进行物理模拟试验。通过数值试验,对比分析含裂隙(损伤)围岩与完整围岩破裂演化的特点。结果表明:两帮围岩总体表现为以劈裂破坏为主;完整侧帮围岩的局部达到了剪切破坏的条件,形成含有剪切模式的中厚边薄的破裂体;含裂隙侧帮围岩中的裂隙优先扩展并贯通形成劈裂,围岩损伤对岩爆倾向性围岩破裂演化模式的影响明显。物理模拟试验的现象与数值试验结果及已有的岩爆现象基本一致。
In order to deal with the hard rock rock burst problem, an integrated device for rockburst-prone materials and forming and unloading of surrounding rock is developed. In order to obtain the influence of surrounding rock damage to rock burst caused by drilling and blasting or TBM construction, The left side of the rock is used to prefabricate the non-through fissures parallel to the plane of the free surface, and the physical model is made to simulate the fracture mode of the surrounding rock of the square tunnel (tunnel) with the tendency of rock burst. Through numerical experiments, the characteristics of cracked (damaged) surrounding rock and complete surrounding rock rupture are compared and analyzed. The results show that the two groups of surrounding rocks are mainly composed of splitting failure; the part of the surrounding rock of the complete side reaches the condition of shear failure, and the thin and medium-thickness thin-walled fracture with shear mode is formed; The fractures in the surrounding rock preferentially expand and penetrate to form the cleavage. The damage of the surrounding rock has an obvious effect on the rupture evolution model of the rock burst-prone surrounding rock. The phenomenon of physical simulation test is basically consistent with the numerical test results and the existing rock burst phenomenon.