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目的了解北京市老年人高血压患者流行病学变化趋势,为防治高血压病提供依据。方法采用分层、随机、整群等距的抽样原则,于2000,2004,2007年3次选取北京市≥60岁的2 832、1 828和2 277例老年人进行血压测量及相关资料的收集,应用χ2检验对不同性别、年龄、居住地区与高血压流行病学7年变化趋势进行单因素分析。结果 3次调查结果显示,北京市高血压患病率(分别为69.2%、61.9%、56.0%)降低,知晓率(分别为43.7%、55.8%、57.6%)、治疗率(分别为35.4%、47.7%、56.2%)提高,而控制率(分别为22.6%、16.7%、21.5%)未见提高,进一步对性别、年龄和居住地区进行分层分析显示,男性(分别为26.2%、16.7%、20.8%)、低龄组(分别为28.0%、18.4%、21.0%)、农村组(分别为19.5%、9.6%、13.4%)高血压老人的血压控制率未见提高。结论本文研究表明,北京市高血压患病率仍较高,知晓率、治疗率和控制率较低,必须积极采取有效的措施加强社区医疗,从而改善高血压的防治工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological trend of hypertension in the elderly in Beijing and provide evidence for prevention and treatment of hypertension. Methods The stratified, random and cluster equidistant sampling principles were used to measure blood pressure and collect relevant data of 2,832,1 828 and 2 277 elderly people ≥60 years old ≥60 years old in Beijing in 2000, 2004 and 2007 , Χ2 test was used to univariate analyze the 7-year epidemiological trend of gender, age, living area and hypertension. Results The results of the three surveys showed that the prevalence of hypertension (69.2%, 61.9%, 56.0%, respectively) in Beijing was lower than that in Beijing (43.7%, 55.8%, 57.6% , 47.7%, 56.2%), while the control rates (22.6%, 16.7% and 21.5% respectively) were not improved. Stratified analysis of sex, age and living area showed that men (26.2% and 16.7% %, 20.8%). The rate of blood pressure control in the elderly group (28.0%, 18.4% and 21.0% respectively) and the rural group (19.5%, 9.6% and 13.4% respectively) did not increase. Conclusions This study shows that the prevalence of hypertension in Beijing is still high, awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate are low, we must take effective measures to strengthen community health care, so as to improve the prevention and treatment of hypertension.