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目的了解和掌握银川市(3区2县1市)农村饮用水水质卫生状况。方法按照卫生部《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750-2006)进行检验,按照《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行评价。结果 2011-2012年共采集检测水样618份,各项指标合格率为62.94%,其中超标率较高的项目主要是氨氮、菌落总数、浑浊度、铁、锰、总硬度、氯化物、硫酸盐等。2011年和2012年农村水水质合格率差异无统计学意义;丰水期和枯水期合格率差异无统计学意义;浅井水水质合格率明显低于深井水和泉水水质,差异有统计学意义;各区县间合格率差异有统计学意义,西夏区、灵武市、贺兰县水质整体优于兴庆区、金凤区和永宁县。结论银川市农村饮用水水质存在一定安全隐患,建议相关部门在新建水厂时要选择优质水源,加强集中式供水管理和监督检测工作,提高全民用水卫生意识,使广大农村居民喝上放心的水。
Objective To understand and grasp the health status of drinking water in rural areas in Yinchuan (3 districts, 2 counties and 1 city). Methods According to the “Standard Test Method for Domestic Drinking Water” (GB / T 5750-2006) issued by the Ministry of Health, the assessment was conducted in accordance with the Standard for Drinking Water Quality (GB 5749-2006). Results A total of 618 water samples were collected during the period from 2011 to 2012, with a pass rate of 62.94% for all indicators. Among them, ammonia nitrogen, total number of colonies, turbidity, iron, manganese, total hardness, chloride, Salt and so on. There was no significant difference in passing rate of rural water quality between 2011 and 2012; there was no significant difference in passing rate between wet season and dry season; passing rate of shallow well water quality was significantly lower than that of deep well water and spring water, the differences were statistically significant; The difference between the passing rates of counties was statistically significant. The overall water quality in Xixia, Lingwu and Helan counties was better than Xingqing, Jinfeng and Yongning counties. Conclusion There is a potential safety hazard in the drinking water quality of rural areas in Yinchuan City. It is suggested that relevant departments should select high-quality water sources when establishing new water plants, strengthen centralized water supply management and supervision and inspection, raise awareness of universal water use and make the rural residents enjoy safe water .