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目的:比较不同矢状向错的颅底形态,探索其规律性。方法:选取均角型错牙合患者56例,年龄10～15岁,包括安氏Ⅰ类组17例;安氏Ⅱ类组20例,安氏Ⅲ类组19例。对三种牙合型进行颅底指标的测量分析,对测量指标进行单因素方差分析和两两比较。结果:从安氏Ⅱ类到安氏Ⅰ类再到安氏Ⅲ类错牙合患者后颅底长度依次缩短并有统计学差异;颅中基底角依次减小并有统计学差异;颅前基底角和后颅底平面角依次增大并有统计学差异。安氏Ⅱ类错的前颅底长度SN减小,安氏Ⅰ类和安氏Ⅲ类的SN长度没有显著的统计学差异。不同矢状向错牙合的颅底角,蝶鞍角,颅基底角,后颅底平面角和SO-Ar距均无统计学差异。结论:矢状向错牙合颅底结构呈现了一定的规律性,说明颅底的生长部分参与了错的形成;后颅底和蝶筛点对矢状向错的形成意义重大。
OBJECTIVE: To compare the skull base morphology of different sagittal deviations and to explore its regularity. Methods: Fifty-six patients with mean angle malocclusion were selected, aged from 10 to 15 years old, including 17 cases of Angle Class Ⅰ, 20 cases of Class Ⅱ and 19 cases of Class Ⅲ. Three types of occlusal skull base index measurement and analysis, the measurement of single factor analysis of variance and pairwise comparison. Results: The length of base of skull was shortened in turn from Class Ⅱ to Class Ⅰ to Class Ⅲ malocclusion. The base angles in the skull were reduced and statistically significant. The base of cranial base Angle and posterior skull plane angle in turn increase and have statistical difference. Class Ⅱ malocclusion of the anterior skull base length SN decreased, Class Ⅰ and Class Ⅲ Angle SN length no significant statistical difference. There was no significant difference in cranial base angle, angle of sella, base angle of cranial base, plane angle of posterior skull base and SO-Ar distance between different sagittal and malocclusion. Conclusions: The structure of skull base in sagittal and malocclusion shows a certain regularity, which indicates that the growth of skull base participates in the formation of malocclusion. The posterior skull base and butterfly stencil are of great significance to the formation of sagittal illusion.