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消毒是切断传播途径,预防和扑灭传染病的重要措施。在战时,又是消除敌人生物武器袭击后果的重要措施。因此,正确掌握消毒剂的使用方法,是卫生防疫工作基本技术要求之一。下面简要地谈谈常用消毒剂的性质、作用、使用方法和注意事项等,并对较新的消毒剂略作介绍,以供参考。具有消毒作用的化学药物是很多的,但从实际应用出发,消毒剂应尽可能具备下列要求:易溶于水,使用方便,杀菌作用强大而迅速,对人和动物无毒性或毒性很小,不损坏物品,价廉易得,便于保存和运输。但实际上十全十美的东西是很少的,应根据情况,权衡利弊,选择使用。一、生石灰(氧化钙):为浅灰色硬块,遇水即变成熟石灰(氢氧化钙),同时放出大
Disinfection is to cut off the route of transmission, an important measure to prevent and suppress infectious diseases. In wartime, it is also an important measure to eliminate the consequences of enemy biological weapons attacks. Therefore, the correct understanding of the use of disinfectants, health and epidemic prevention is one of the basic technical requirements. The following briefly talk about the nature of the common disinfectant, role, use and precautions, etc., and a new disinfectant brief introduction for reference. There are a lot of chemical drugs with disinfection, but from the practical application, the disinfectant should have the following requirements as possible: soluble in water, easy to use, bactericidal effect powerful and rapid, non-toxic to humans and animals or toxicity is very small, Not damaged items, cheap, easy to save and transport. But in fact the perfect thing is very small, should be based on the situation, weighing the pros and cons, choose to use. First, the quicklime (calcium oxide): light gray lumps, water becomes matured lime (calcium hydroxide), while the release of large