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血管新生(angiogenesis)受一系列促血管新生因子和抗血管新生因子的调节,在生理情况下,这些因子的代谢维持平衡的状态,控制着体内的血管新生.血管新生增加是创伤愈合、炎症、月经和胚胎发育时的正常生理反应,但在糖尿病视网膜病变,类风湿性关节炎和实体肿瘤等病理情况下也会有血管新生的增加.在实体肿瘤中,血管新生对其生长和转移起关键作用.一般超过2～3mm~3的肿瘤就需要微血管网以促进营养物质的输送并清除代谢产物.在许多肿瘤中微血管密度被认为是判断肿瘤进展和转移潜力的指标.因为新生血管给肿瘤细胞提供了到达血液循环的途径而促进转移.另外,血管新生也可导致对原发肿瘤进行成功治疗多年以后的肿瘤复发.近年来针对肿瘤血管新生的调控机制而设计的一系列抗血管新生治疗的实验研究表明,抗血管新生治疗可以降低实体肿瘤的复发率和转移能力,部分研究已进入临床阶段,为实体瘤的治疗开辟了一个新的途径.
Angiogenesis is regulated by a series of pro-angiogenic factors and anti-angiogenic factors. Under physiological conditions, the metabolism of these factors maintains a balanced state and controls angiogenesis in the body. Increased angiogenesis is wound healing, inflammation, Normal physiological reactions during menstruation and embryonic development, but also with increased angiogenesis in pathological conditions such as diabetic retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, and solid tumors. In solid tumors, angiogenesis plays a key role in its growth and metastasis. In general, tumors larger than 2 to 3 mm 3 need microvascular networks to promote nutrient delivery and scavenge metabolites. In many tumors, microvessel density is considered to be an indicator of tumor progression and metastatic potential because neovascularization of tumor cells Provides access to the blood circulation and promotes metastasis. In addition, angiogenesis can also lead to successful tumor recurrence after years of successful treatment of primary tumors. In recent years, a series of anti-angiogenic treatments designed for the regulation of tumor angiogenesis have been developed. Experimental studies show that anti-angiogenesis therapy can reduce the recurrence rate of solid tumors Metastasis, some studies have entered clinical stage, opened up a new approach for the treatment of solid tumors.