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目的了解医学院在校大学生的吸烟现状及其影响因素,为制定有效的控烟措施提供依据。方法采取分层随机抽样方法,对中国医科大学500名在校大学生进行问卷调查。收回有效问卷496份,有效率99.2%。结果被调查的496名医学生的现在吸烟率为6.5%。男生的现在吸烟率明显高于女生(χ2=30.799,P=0.000)。低年级与高年级本科生的现在吸烟率无明显差异,且均明显低于研究生(χ2=7.738,P=0.021)。被调查的32名现在吸烟者平均每日吸烟量为(6.31±2.45)支,平均起始吸烟年龄为(18.01±3.15)岁。好友吸烟人群的现在吸烟率明显高于好友不吸烟人群(χ2=198.948,P=0.000)。父母吸烟人群的现在吸烟率明显高于父母不吸烟人群(χ2=89.271,P=0.000)。医学生对吸烟与疾病关系的认知率较高,医学生吸烟的主要原因是心理压力。结论医学生的吸烟现状不容乐观,应积极采取有效措施控制医学生的吸烟行为。
Objective To understand the status quo of smoking among college students in medical colleges and their influencing factors and provide the basis for making effective tobacco control measures. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 500 undergraduates in China Medical University. 496 valid questionnaires were returned, with an effective rate of 99.2%. Results 496 medical students surveyed now have a smoking rate of 6.5%. The prevalence of smoking among boys is significantly higher than that of girls (χ2 = 30.799, P = 0.000). There was no significant difference in the current smoking prevalence between undergraduates and senior undergraduates, both of which were significantly lower than those of graduate students (χ2 = 7.738, P = 0.021). The average daily smoking level of 32 current smokers surveyed was (6.31 ± 2.45) cigarettes, with an average starting smoking age of (18.01 ± 3.15) years. The prevalence of smokers with current smokers is significantly higher than that of smokers with no smokers (χ2 = 198.948, P = 0.000). The prevalence of smoking among smokers whose parents are smokers is significantly higher than that of their non-smokers (χ2 = 89.271, P = 0.000). Medical students have a higher awareness of the relationship between smoking and disease, and the main reason for medical students smoking is psychological pressure. Conclusions The status quo of medical students smoking is not optimistic, and effective measures should be taken to control the smoking behavior of medical students.