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《文獻通考·四裔考》及其續作,保存了古代中國與周邊民族或國家關係的翔實史料。從中可以發現,古代中國在處理與周邊民族與國家關係時,所秉持的基本觀念就是中國中心論以及與之相關的華夏文化優越感。這一觀念決定了古代中國在面對外部世界的挑戰時,一貫采取區别内外、隔絶華夷的封閉性決策。這種決策反過來又讓古代中國人在一種相對封閉的環境中始終沉迷於中國中心論與文化優越感的良好感覺中,卻對外部世界與域外文明基本上抱着閉目塞聽的排斥態度,從而導致中國在與近代西方文明的相遇中最終敗陣。
The “Literature Examinations and Tests for Four Generations” and its sequels preserved the informative historical materials of ancient China and its neighboring nations or countries. From this, we can see that the basic idea that ancient China upholds in dealing with the relations between the neighboring nations and nations is that of China’s centralism and its related cultural superiority. This concept decided that ancient China always adopted the closed-door policy of distinguishing between China and other countries and isolating it when facing the challenge of the outside world. This kind of decision-making, in turn, made the ancient Chinese always addicted to the good feeling of China’s centralism and cultural superiority in a relatively closed environment while holding the closed-end rejection of the external world and extraterritorial civilization , Leading China to eventually defeat its encounter with modern Western civilization.