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目的了解医院感染革兰阴性菌发展趋势,为医院感染防控提供依据。方法通过回顾性调查方式,对某医院临床革兰阴性菌感染病例进行分析。结果该医院在2010-2014年期间从感染患者标本中共检出病原菌2225株,其中革兰阴性杆菌1 267株,占病原菌总数的56.94%。检出革兰阴性杆菌居前4位的依次是鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌。多重耐药菌409株,占革兰阴性菌总数的32.28%。分离的革兰阴性杆菌主要分离自痰液标本,其次是血液和尿液;感染部位以下呼吸道为主,其次是血液和泌尿道。结论该医院临床分离的病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,多重耐药菌株占较大比例,主要感染下呼吸道、血液和泌尿道。
Objective To understand the development trend of nosocomial Gram-negative bacteria and provide the basis for prevention and control of nosocomial infections. Methods By retrospective survey, clinical cases of gram-negative bacteria in a hospital were analyzed. Results 2225 strains of pathogens were detected from infected patients during the period of 2010-2014, of which 1 267 were gram-negative bacilli, accounting for 56.94% of the total number of pathogens. Gram-negative bacilli were detected in the top 4 followed by Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. 409 strains of multidrug-resistant bacteria, accounted for 32.28% of the total number of gram-negative bacteria. Isolated Gram-negative bacilli were mainly isolated from sputum specimens, followed by blood and urine; the respiratory tract was the main site of infection, followed by blood and urinary tract. Conclusion The clinical isolates from the hospital are mainly Gram-negative bacilli. Multi-drug resistant strains account for a large proportion, mainly infecting the lower respiratory tract, blood and urinary tract.