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中国社会阶层的分化、变迁要求我们在巩固党的执政基础工作中转变理念,从“在阶级对抗中找同盟”的思维转变到“在阶层和谐中求共赢”的思维。中国目前社会各阶层已经不是传统意义上争夺生产资料占有权的阶级关系,作为阶层而存在的各社会群体,都是社会主义的劳动者和社会主义现代化事业的建设者。阶层分化导致执政基础更加复杂,表现在:原来的两大阶级(工人阶级和农民阶级)内部的同质性特征越来越弱,异质性越来越强,分化倾向越来越明显;阶层位序排列与传统的阶级位序排列有比较大的差异,一些阶层的政治地位与经济地位有些错位;阶层分化中的阶层利益冲突初步显现,阶层的心理隔阂初现端倪。应对阶层分化,巩固执政基础,必须掌握阶层分化态势,控制阶层分化中的利益冲突,通过制度改革保障阶层边界的开放性,加强主流意识形态的引导,防止产生阶层心理对抗,构建阶层和谐的社会。
The differentiation and change in China’s social stratum requires that we change our mind in consolidating the party’s governing foundation and change our thinking of “looking for an alliance in class antagonism” to “seeking win-win in stratum harmony.” At present, all social strata in China are no longer class relations in the traditional sense of competing for possession of the means of production. The social groups that exist as strata are socialist laborers and builders of socialist modernization. The differentiation of strata leads to a more complicated foundation of governance. This manifests itself in that the homogeneity characteristics within the two original classes (the working class and the peasantry class) are getting weaker and weaker, with more heterogeneity and more obvious differentiation tendency. There is a big difference between the order arrangement and the traditional arrangement of the rank order. Some of the stratum’s political status and economic status are somewhat dislocated. The stratum conflict of interests in the stratum differentiation initially appears, and the psychological barrier of the community is beginning to emerge. In order to cope with stratum differentiation and consolidate the foundation of governing, we must grasp the trend of stratum differentiation and control the conflicts of interest during the stratum division. We should ensure the openness of the stratum boundaries by institutional reform, strengthen the guidance of the mainstream ideology, prevent the generation of psychologically antagonistic stratums and build a socially stratified society .