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目的了解长江下游地区感染性钉螺滩地血吸虫病主要传染源,为加大以传染源控制为主的综合防治措施的实施力度提供科学依据。方法收集2007-2009年江苏省扬中市血吸虫病防治资料,并选择沿江3个易感区域为研究观察区,分别于2009年5-11月在观察区内开展血吸虫病流行因素现况调查。采用系统抽样法调查螺情;采用胶体染料试纸条法(DDIA)和Kato-Katz法调查观察区内当地常住居民和渔船民血吸虫感染情况;采用顶管孵化法检查观察区内散养家畜血吸虫感染情况;调查观察区内野鼠等野生动物血吸虫感染情况;采用哨鼠法测定观察区内水体血吸虫感染性。结果 2007-2009年扬中市分别检查当地居民45300、17400人和16800人,人群血检阳性率分别为0.37%、0.48%和0.44%,未发现粪检阳性者。2009年共检查易感地带居民2124人,血检阳性率为0.66%,未发现粪检阳性者;检查当地渔船民220人,血检阳性率为3.18%,未发现粪检阳性者。对观察区内散养的798只羊进行检查,未发现粪检阳性。观察区内易感滩地每年均能发现感染性钉螺,钉螺感染率曾高达1.49%。共捕获7只野鼠,均未发现血吸虫感染。共投放300只哨鼠测定水体感染性,哨鼠总感染率为0.33%。结论本次调查未发现当地人畜及野生动物血吸虫病传染源,当地感染性钉螺的来源有待进一步研究。
Objective To understand the main source of schistosomiasis infection in the Infectious Oncomelania in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and provide a scientific basis for intensifying the implementation of comprehensive prevention and control measures based on infection source control. Methods The data of schistosomiasis control in Yangzhong City of Jiangsu Province from 2007 to 2009 were collected. Three susceptible areas along the Yangtze River were selected as research observation areas, and the prevalence of schistosomiasis prevalence in the observation area from May to November in 2009 was investigated. The snail was investigated by systematic sampling method. The infection of schistosomiasis was investigated by DDIA and Kato-Katz method in local residents and fishing boat inhabitants. Infection was observed in the area of wild animals such as wild rats Schistosoma infection; the use of the sentinel method to determine the water area within the observation of schistosomiasis. Results From 2007 to 2009, Yangzhong City examined 45300, 17400 and 16,800 local residents respectively. The positive rates of blood tests were 0.37%, 0.48% and 0.44% respectively. No positive stool tests were found. In 2009, a total of 2124 residents were surveyed in susceptible areas. The positive rate of blood tests was 0.66%. No positive stool tests were found. 220 local fishing boats were examined, and the positive rate of blood tests was 3.18%. No positive stool tests were found. 798 sheep that were kept free in the observation area were examined and no stool test was found. Infectious snails were found on susceptible beaches in the observation area each year, and the infection rate of snails was as high as 1.49%. A total of seven wild rats were captured, and no schistosome infection was found. A total of 300 sent to determine the water body infectivity, sentinel infection rate was 0.33%. Conclusion The source of schistosomiasis in local animals and wild animals was not found in this survey. The origin of the local infection snails remains to be further studied.