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慢性病 ,特别是循环系统慢性病以其高患病率、高死亡率、缺乏特效疗法等特点 ,形成了对社区居民健康的重要威胁。为探索慢性病的发展规律及防治方法 ,提高居民总体健康水平 ,我们从 1981～1997年进行了循环系统慢性病防治研究。在基线调查的基础上 ,在实验区开展了健康教育、限盐、戒烟、控酒 ,提倡合理膳食及开展健身运动等一系列干预措施 ,取得了较好效果 ,居民和高血压病人在慢性病防治知识掌握率、降低吸烟、饮酒率、减少食盐摄入等方面 ,以及高血压病人的症状改善、血压下降等方面 ,实验区都优于对照区 ,差异有非常显著性。在 16年防治工作的基础上 ,我们提出了当前城市社区居民循环系统慢性病防治策略的建议 ,以促进慢性病防治的进一步开展。
Chronic diseases, especially chronic diseases of the circulatory system, are characterized by high prevalence, high mortality, and lack of specific therapies, which form an important threat to the health of community residents. In order to explore the development rules and prevention methods of chronic diseases and improve the overall health of residents, we conducted a study on prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in the circulatory system from 1981 to 1997. Based on the baseline survey, a series of interventions such as health education, salt restriction, smoking cessation, and alcohol control were promoted in the experimental area. Proper diets and fitness exercises were promoted, and good results were achieved. Residents and hypertensive patients were prevented and treated in chronic diseases. The experimental area was better than the control area in terms of knowledge acquisition rate, reduction of smoking, drinking rate, reduction of salt intake, improvement of symptoms of hypertension patients, and decrease of blood pressure, and the difference was very significant. Based on the prevention and control work in the past 16 years, we have put forward suggestions for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in the circulatory system of urban residents and promote the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.