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中国科学院学部自成立以来,其性质和职能经历了从中国科学院的学术领导机构、最高决策机构到国家最高科学技术咨询机构的三个阶段的历史演变。在三个历史阶段的演变中,20世纪80年代初从中国科学院最高决策机构到国家最高科学技术咨询机构的变化,相比较而言,对中国科学院院士制度乃至中国学术制度发展的影响更大。在回顾三个阶段的历史演变基础上,文章以大量的历史文献资料和数据为依据,探究和分析了20世纪80年代初中国科学院学部委员制度变化的历史原因,阐述和论证了中国科学院学部制度对中国学术制度发展所产生的深远影响。
Since its establishment, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has undergone historical changes in its nature and functions from the three stages of academic leadership, the highest decision-making body of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to the highest science and technology advisory body in the country. In the evolution of the three historical stages, the change from the highest decision-making body of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in the early 1980s to the highest science and technology advisory body in the country has a greater impact on the academic system of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and even the development of the academic system in China. On the basis of reviewing the historical evolution of the three phases, based on a large number of historical documents and data, the article explores and analyzes the historical reasons for the changes of institutional members of Chinese Academy of Sciences in the early 1980s, expounds and demonstrates the institutional changes of the academic departments of Chinese Academy of Sciences Far-reaching impact on the development of Chinese academic system.