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目的探讨MNS血型系统同种抗体特异性及对ABO血型鉴定与交叉配血试验的影响。方法采用微柱凝胶法对被检血标本进行ABO血型正反定型及交叉配血试验,对35例正反定型不相符或交叉配血不合的血标本采用试管法进行复检、吸收放散试验、不规则抗体筛查及特异性鉴定,对检测出的特异性抗体进行免疫球蛋白类型及抗体效价检测。结果在35例MNS血型系统同种抗体中,抗M抗体31例(88.6%)、抗N抗体2例(5.7%)、抗S抗体1例(2.9%)、抗Mur抗体1例(2.9%)。免疫球蛋白类型:Ig M型26例(74.3%)、IgG型7例(20.0%)、Ig M+IgG型2例(5.7%)。抗体效价1∶4~1∶32。对血型鉴定与交叉配血的影响:在ABO血型反定型中出现意外凝集,在交叉配血试验中出现主侧凝集。结论当ABO血型正反定型不相符与交叉配血不合时,应采用盐水试管法进行不规则抗体筛查及特异性鉴定,并结合患者病情综合分析,以确保血型鉴定结果的准确性和临床输血安全有效。
Objective To investigate the specificity of alloantibodies against MNS blood group system and its effect on the identification of ABO blood group and cross-matching blood test. Methods Blood samples were tested by microcolumn gel method for positive and negative ABO blood typing and cross-matching test. 35 blood samples with incompatible or cross-incompatible blood samples were retested by tube test, , Irregular antibody screening and specific identification, detection of specific antibodies immunoglobulin type and antibody titer test. Results Among the 35 MNS blood group allotypes, 31 (88.6%) were anti-M antibodies, 2 (5.7%) were anti-N antibodies, 1 ). Immunoglobulin types: IgM type 26 cases (74.3%), IgG type 7 cases (20.0%), Ig M + IgG type 2 cases (5.7%). Antibody titer 1: 4 ~ 1:32. Impact on Blood Type Identification and Cross-Match Blood: Inadvertent agglutination occurs in ABO blood group reversal patterns, with major-side agglutination occurring in cross-match blood tests. Conclusion Irregular antibody screening and specific identification should be carried out by saline test tube method when the positive and negative typing of ABO blood type do not coincide with that of cross matching blood test. Combined with the comprehensive analysis of patient’s condition, the accuracy of blood type identification results and clinical blood transfusion Safe and effective.