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胞膜窖(caveolae)是存在于多种细胞表面的小凹结构,其标志蛋白小凹蛋白(caveolin)在信号转导中起着中心调控作用。Caveolin可与多种蛋白结合,它与离子通道蛋白结合可调节离子通道的活性,维持机体多种生理活动的平衡。Caveolae可调节钾离子通道的活性,与钠离子通道结合可以调节心肌动作电位的产生,caveolin-1对容积调控氯通道(volume-regulated anion channels,VRAC)也是一个必要条件,caveolin-1和caveolin-3还对动脉平滑肌细胞中的钙离子起平衡调控作用。研究caveolin对离子通道活动的影响对于探索一些生命现象的基本机制将有重要意义。
Caveolae is a small concave structure existing on various cell surfaces. Its caveolin plays a central role in signal transduction. Caveolin binds to a variety of proteins. It binds to ion channel proteins and regulates ion channel activity and maintains the body’s balance of multiple physiological activities. Caveolae regulates the activity of potassium channel and regulates the action potential of myocardium by binding with sodium channel. Caveolin-1 is also a necessary condition for volume-regulated anion channels (VRAC). Caveolin-1 and caveolin- 3 also plays a role in the balanced regulation of calcium in arterial smooth muscle cells. Studying the effect of caveolin on ion channel activity will be of great importance for exploring the basic mechanisms of some life phenomena.