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[目的]探讨镉致人胚胎肾HEK293细胞氧化损伤和凋亡的情况。[方法]对HEK293细胞使用0、30、60、120μmol/L浓度的氯化镉(CdCl_2)染毒1、3、6、12 h后,MTT法测定细胞生长情况,流式细胞术检测细胞中活性氧(ROS)含量和细胞凋亡,用硫代巴比妥酸法检测细胞内丙二醛(MDA)含量,用比色法测定谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活力,用水溶性四唑盐法检测细胞中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力。[结果]不同浓度的CdCl_2作用不同时间,细胞贴壁性减弱,细胞变圆,伪足消失。随着CdCl_2浓度的增高,作用时间延长,细胞的生长受到抑制,在CdCl_2浓度为120μmol/L,染毒时间为12 h时达到峰值。随着作用时间的延长,30μmol/L和60μmol/L CdCl_2染毒组细胞凋亡率逐渐增加(P趋势=0.001,P趋势=0.009);当作用时间分别为1、3、6 h,随着CdCl_2浓度的增加,凋亡率逐渐增加(P趋势=0.003或P趋势=0.001)。相同染毒时间,细胞内MDA、ROS含量随着CdCl_2浓度的升高而增高(P趋势<0.001或P趋势=0.001);当CdCl_2浓度分别为30、60、120μmol/L时,随着染毒作用时间的延长,MDA和ROS含量逐渐增高(均P趋势<0.05)。与0μmol/L CdCl_2组比较,30、60、120μmol/L组细胞中SOD和GSH-PX活力均降低(P<0.05),且随着CdCl_2浓度的增加细胞中SOD和GSH-PX活力呈下降趋势(P趋势<0.001);当染毒浓度分别为30、60、120μmol/L时,细胞SOD和GSH-PX活力随着作用时间的延长而降低(均P趋势<0.01)。[结论]镉可导致HEK293细胞氧化损伤和细胞凋亡。
[Objective] To investigate the oxidative damage and apoptosis of human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells induced by cadmium. [Methods] The HEK293 cells were treated with 0, 30, 60 and 120μmol / L cadmium chloride (CdCl_2) for 1, 3, 6 and 12 h. The cell growth was measured by MTT assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell apoptosis. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in cells was measured by thiobarbituric acid method. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cells was detected by water-soluble tetrazolium salt method. [Result] With different concentrations of CdCl 2 acting for different time, cell adhesion was weakened, cells became round and pseudopodia disappeared. With the increase of CdCl 2 concentration, the effect of CdCl 2 concentration was prolonged and the growth of cells was inhibited. The CdCl 2 concentration reached 120 μmol / L and the peak time was 12 h. With the prolongation of action time, the apoptotic rate in 30μmol / L and 60μmol / L CdCl 2 groups increased gradually (P trend = 0.001, P trend = 0.009); when the action time was 1, 3 and 6 h, With the increase of CdCl 2 concentration, the apoptotic rate gradually increased (P trend = 0.003 or P trend = 0.001). At the same exposure time, the contents of MDA and ROS in cells increased with the increase of CdCl 2 concentration (P <0.001 or P = 0.001). When CdCl 2 concentrations were 30, 60 and 120 μmol / L, respectively, With prolongation of action time, the content of MDA and ROS gradually increased (both P <0.05). Compared with 0μmol / L CdCl 2 group, the activities of SOD and GSH-PX in 30, 60 and 120μmol / L groups were decreased (P <0.05), and the activities of SOD and GSH-PX decreased with CdCl 2 concentration (P <0.001). The activities of SOD and GSH-PX decreased with the prolongation of action time (P <0.01) when the concentrations were 30,60 and 120μmol / L, respectively. [Conclusion] Cadmium can cause oxidative damage and apoptosis in HEK293 cells.