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目的分析富源县2003—2009年狂犬病流行特征,为今后预防控制狂犬病提供科学依据。方法对所收集到的全部疫情资料及狂犬病个案调资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果富源县在2003—2009年共发生狂犬病23例,发病高峰在2006年(20例),发病率为2.87/10万;2003、2007、2009年分别发生狂犬病1例,2004、2005、2008年无狂犬病发生;发病率范围波动在0～2.87/10万之间,年均发病率为0.46/10万;男性明显多于女性,少年儿童和青壮年病例较多,农民发病最多;夏秋季节病例较多。病例中95.65%为犬伤,4.35%为猫咬伤。86.96%的病例伤后未进行处理或规范处理,78.26%未进行预防接种。结论养犬数量大而免疫率低、暴露后未进行伤口的规范处理、狂犬病免疫制剂使用率低是富源县狂犬病疫情上升的主要原因。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies from 2003 to 2009 in Fuyuan County and provide a scientific basis for future prevention and control of rabies. Methods Epidemiological analysis of all the collected epidemic information and rabies case data was carried out. Results In 2003-2009, a total of 23 rabies cases were found in Fuyuan County. The peak incidence was in 2006 (20 cases), with an incidence rate of 2.87 per 100 000 rabies cases in 2003, 2007 and 2009 respectively. One case was rabies in 2004, 2005 and 2008 No rabies occurred; the incidence range fluctuated between 0 ~ 2.87 / 100 000, with an average annual incidence of 0.46 / 100 000; significantly more males than females, juveniles and young adults more cases, peasants incidence most; summer and autumn seasonal cases More. 95.65% of the cases were canine injuries and 4.35% were cat bites. 86.96% cases were not treated or regulated after injury, 78.26% were not vaccinated. Conclusion The large number of dogs and the low immunization rate, no standardized treatment of wounds after exposure, and the low utilization rate of rabies immunization agents are the main reasons for the increase of rabies epidemics in Fuyuan County.