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火灾中产生的烟颗粒严重影响火场人员疏散及灭火救援工作,而且造成严重的大气污染。本研究利用自行搭建的小尺寸实验台,开展不同燃料火灾实验,采集不同高度处烟颗粒样品,利用场发射扫描电镜,观察不同燃料不同高度处的烟颗粒形貌,分析烟颗粒形貌特征及其尺度分布。研究表明,随着采样高度的增加,烟颗粒团聚体逐渐增多且结构越来越蓬松;煤油和柴油燃烧产生的烟颗粒粒径在50~70 nm的范围内。
Smoke particles generated in the fire seriously affect the fire evacuation and fire fighting and rescue work, but also cause serious air pollution. In this study, a small-scale test bench was built to carry out different fuel fire experiments. Samples of smoke particles were collected at different heights. Field emission scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the morphology of smoke particles at different heights. Its scale distribution. The results show that with the increase of sampling height, the aggregates of the smoke particles gradually increase and the structure becomes more and more fluffy. The particle size of the smoke particles produced by the combustion of kerosene and diesel fuel is in the range of 50-70 nm.