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笔者,根据多年的实践,对文盲学习课本问题,做了一些调查和思考。试编了一套以识字为主,做到:认、讲、写、用互相贯通的扫盲课本。新书分为,识字部分、实用部分。一、识字部分。总共要求识字二千个。1.教基础字。以单体字、少笔划字为主、约350个字,如:一、乙、人八刀力上下大小士土日月万方厂广……等,着重音、形、义、写教学,其目的要达到读准字音、认清字形、懂得简单字义、写好笔顺、笔划。教学方法是:上课时,教师边教字音、边教写字(结合字形分类)、边讲字义。如教“一”字,教师先教“一”字的读音,然后教写“一”字,结合说明“一”字的字形,最后讲述“一”字的字义(力求讲少些、简单些,不必讲述太多、太繁)。至于每堂课教多少、应根据文盲接受能力,灵活掌握。教基础字时,可以发动小学生和家里人当小先生,进行家庭辅导。有条件还可以用生字卡片作课堂复习、测验。2.教合体字。所谓合体字,就是有两个或三个音体字组成的。如:加古舌好尖会合明朋厅时奇胡想碧魏……等,约有1200个字。着重认、讲、写,其目的要达到,增加识字数、读准字音、分清字形、提高写字能
According to many years’ practice, the author made some investigations and reflections on illiterate learning textbooks. Try to compile a set of literacy-based, so: recognition, speaking, writing, using literacy textbooks. New book is divided into literacy section, the practical part. First, the literacy section. A total of 2,000 literacy is required. 1. to teach basic words. The main character, less stroke stroke-based, about 350 words, such as: A, B, The purpose is to achieve the standard pronunciation, recognize the font, know the meaning of simple words, write stroke order, strokes. Teaching methods are: class, the teacher while teaching pronunciation, while teaching writing (with glyph classification), while speaking meaning. Such as teaching “a” word, the teacher first to teach “a” pronunciation, and then teach “a” word, combined with the description of “a” shape, and finally tell the “a” word meaning (to strive to say less, simpler , Do not have to tell too much, too fancy). As for how much each lesson, should be based on illiteracy, ability to grasp. When you teach the basic word, you can motivate elementary school children and family members to be family counselors. Conditions can also use vocabulary cards for classroom review, test. 2. Teach the body word. The so-called compound word, that is, there are two or three phonetic words. Such as: add good tongue when meeting with friends will be odd Hu thought Bi Wei ... ..., about 1200 words. Focus on recognition, speaking, writing, its purpose to achieve, increase the number of literacy, read quasi-phonetic, clear font, improve writing