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葵花锈病在晋北每年均有不同程度的发生,但大流行年份不多。1985年是建国以来第一个大流行年,雁北地区种植的59.53万亩葵花全部发病,平均亩产只有74.3公斤,较1984年平均亩产126公斤减产42.4％。根据调查,在减产原因中除严重干旱外,因锈病造成减产21.39％。为了摸清此病在晋北的流行规律,寻找有效的防治办法,我们于1986—1989年进行了4年的系统观察和试验研究。一、葵花锈病发生规律及气象因素的影响四年来,分别在应县、阳高、浑源中心测报站进行了葵花锈病发生规律的系统观察。葵花锈病菌(Puccinia helianthi Schw)系担子菌纲、锈菌目、柄锈菌科、双孢菌属,是一种专性寄生菌,无转主寄生现象,为害葵花植株地上部分的各个器官,特别是叶片
Sunflower rust occurs in varying degrees each year in northern Shanxi, but not many in the pandemic. The year 1985 was the first pandemic year since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. All of the 595300 acres of sunflower planted in Yanbei were affected, yielding an average of 74.3 kilograms per mu, down 42.4% from the 1984 average of 126 kilograms per mu. According to the survey, in addition to a serious drought in the reasons for the reduction in production, the decrease of 21.39% due to rust. In order to find out the epidemic of the disease in northern Shanxi and find effective prevention and treatment measures, we conducted a systematic observation and experimental study of four years in 1986-1989. First, the sunflower rust and the impact of meteorological factors The impact of four years, respectively, Yingxian, Yanggao, Hunyuan Center reporting station for sunflower rust systematic observation of the law. Puccinia helianthi Schw belongs to Basidiomycetes, Pseudomonas, Pucciniaceae and Mycena. It is a kind of obligate parasitic bacteria that has no host parasitism and damages the organs of aerial parts of sunflower plants, Especially the leaves