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A freight train speeds past the Kunlun Mountains on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway in northwest China’s Qinghai Province on July 9.
In the seven years since its operation， the Qinghai-Tibet Railway， the longest and highest railway in the world， has carried nearly 64 million passengers and 300 million tons of goods.
Meanwhile， several new railway lines are either under construction or being planned to form a rail network on the sparsely populated QinghaiTibet Plateau.
Forest Coverage
The State Forestry Administration said on July 10 that China will spend 212.9 billion yuan （$34.7 billion） by 2020 to fund forestry projects as part of efforts to improve the country’s environment.
The money will be used to foster 21.67 million hectares of forestry and increase China’s forest coverage rate by 4.1 percent by 2020， the administration said.
China created 6.01 million hectares of forested areas in 2012， and projects aimed at tackling sandstorm problems in Beijing and Tianjin helped foster 537，000 hectares of green land last year， according to China’s National Afforestation Committee.
China’s forest coverage had totaled 195 million hectares， or 20.36 percent of the country’s total area， by the end of 2008.
Gov’t Spending
The State Council， China’s cabinet， issued a timetable on July 10 for disclosing government spending on receptions， vehicles and overseas trips， as well as information on inves- tigations into major accidents.
According to the State Council’s plan， provincial governments should disclose their spending on the three items starting from 2013， and municipal and county governments should disclose such information by 2015.
Moreover， reports on investigations of major accidents should be fully disclosed to the public starting from 2014.
The State Council identified nine categories of information as priorities in promoting government transparency， including information on administrative examinations and approvals； budgeting and government expenses on receptions， vehicles and overseas trips； subsidized housing； food and drug safety； environmental protection； production safety； pricing and charges； land appropriation and demolition； and public welfare institutions and enterprises， particularly the education sector.
Maritime Law
China’s maritime authority has beefed up its law enforcement capabilities in order to further protect the country’s oceanic rights and interests， according to an official document that was unveiled on July 9. The document， which was posted on the Chinese Government’s website， includes a rule regarding the duties and functions of the State Oceanic Administration （SOA）. The SOA was restructured earlier this year along with several other government departments.
The rule， which was recently approved by the State Council， highlights the SOA’s expanded duties concerning law enforcement and the protection of maritime rights.
The maritime police command， a department under the SOA， will be tasked with commanding and deploying marine police officers， according to the rule.
The SOA is responsible for conducting law enforcement activities in waters that are under Chinese jurisdiction， the rule says.
Safeguarding maritime boundaries and dealing with criminal activity on the sea are among the SOA’s designated duties.
The rule also says the administration is responsible for guarding the safety of key maritime areas and coping with emergencies.
Urbanization Rate
China’s urbanization rate had reached 52.57 percent by the end of 2012 but about 200 million new urbanites are without urban permanent resident permits， according to the 2012 City Development Report of China released on July 5.
Although the number of Chinese urbanites has surpassed the number of rural residents， there is still a long way to go for China to become a truly city-based nation due to the current registered permanent residence system， or hukou， said the report.
Chinese living in cities or towns with urban hukou enjoy far more benefits in education， medical service and social security than those without.
The report was created by the China Association of Mayors and has been released annually since 2001.
China had a total of 658 cities and 19，881 towns across the country at the end of 2012， according to the report.
Ex-Minister Verdict
China’s former railways minister Liu Zhijun was sentenced to death with a two-year reprieve on July 8 for bribery and abuse of power.
As well as the suspended death sentence， the Beijing No. 2 Intermediate People’s Court deprived the 60-year-old of his political rights for life and confiscated all his personal property for taking bribes. Liu was also sentenced to 10 years in jail for abuse of power， according to the court verdict.
The court found that from 1986 to 2011， Liu took advantage of his positions as an official of local railway bureaus as well as the former Ministry of Railways， and helped 11 people win promotions， project deals and cargo transportation contracts. He accepted 64.6 million yuan （$10.53 million） in bribes from them during this period. The court said that although most of economic losses have been recovered， leniency will not be given regarding Liu’s crime of power abuse， as it is especially serious in terms of both circumstances and consequences.
Language’s Age
Archeologists in China have confirmed that the inscriptions found on artifacts unearthed in east China’s Zhejiang Province represent the earliest record of Chinese characters in history， pushing the origins of the written language back another 1，000 years.
The pottery pieces and stone vessels were unearthed at the Zhuangqiaofen archeological site between 2003 and 2006.
Experts concluded that the symbols represented the earliest known Chinese characters， which could be traced to the Liangzhu civilization during the Neolithic Age some 5，000 years ago in today’s Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces， China Youth Daily reported on July 9.
The inscriptions existed some 1，000 years before oracle bone script， commonly held as the origin of the Chinese language system. Oracular inscriptions on turtle shells date back to the Shang Dynasty（1600-1046 B.C.）.
Xu Xinmin， a researcher with the Zhejiang Archeological Institute， said that the repetitive pattern of some of these symbols led archeologists to believe that the inscription， just like the oracle bone script， is a primitive version of a pictographic language.
Data Cooperation
China began providing remotesensing satellite data to Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization（APSCO） member states on July 5. The China National Space Administration （CNSA） and APSCO signed an agreement on Earthobserving satellite data-sharing at a meeting on the day.
The data will be used to aid in natural disaster reduction and relief in the Asia-Pacific region， according to the agreement.
CNSA Director Ma Xingrui， was elected president of the APSCO Council during the meeting.
APSCO is an inter-governmental organization established in 2005， with China as its host and one of its nine member states.
Baby Panda
Giant panda Yuan Yuan nuzzles her newborn cub after delivery on July 6 at Taipei Zoo in Taiwan.
The female cub was born to Yuan Yuan and male panda Tuan Tuan， which were given to Taiwan in 2008 by the mainland. Yuan Yuan was fertilized via artificial insemination.
The zoo said that the cub will remain in an incubator for one month and subsequently be put in the care of her mother if they are found to be interacting suitably.
In the seven years since its operation， the Qinghai-Tibet Railway， the longest and highest railway in the world， has carried nearly 64 million passengers and 300 million tons of goods.
Meanwhile， several new railway lines are either under construction or being planned to form a rail network on the sparsely populated QinghaiTibet Plateau.
Forest Coverage
The State Forestry Administration said on July 10 that China will spend 212.9 billion yuan （$34.7 billion） by 2020 to fund forestry projects as part of efforts to improve the country’s environment.
The money will be used to foster 21.67 million hectares of forestry and increase China’s forest coverage rate by 4.1 percent by 2020， the administration said.
China created 6.01 million hectares of forested areas in 2012， and projects aimed at tackling sandstorm problems in Beijing and Tianjin helped foster 537，000 hectares of green land last year， according to China’s National Afforestation Committee.
China’s forest coverage had totaled 195 million hectares， or 20.36 percent of the country’s total area， by the end of 2008.
Gov’t Spending
The State Council， China’s cabinet， issued a timetable on July 10 for disclosing government spending on receptions， vehicles and overseas trips， as well as information on inves- tigations into major accidents.
According to the State Council’s plan， provincial governments should disclose their spending on the three items starting from 2013， and municipal and county governments should disclose such information by 2015.
Moreover， reports on investigations of major accidents should be fully disclosed to the public starting from 2014.
The State Council identified nine categories of information as priorities in promoting government transparency， including information on administrative examinations and approvals； budgeting and government expenses on receptions， vehicles and overseas trips； subsidized housing； food and drug safety； environmental protection； production safety； pricing and charges； land appropriation and demolition； and public welfare institutions and enterprises， particularly the education sector.
Maritime Law
China’s maritime authority has beefed up its law enforcement capabilities in order to further protect the country’s oceanic rights and interests， according to an official document that was unveiled on July 9. The document， which was posted on the Chinese Government’s website， includes a rule regarding the duties and functions of the State Oceanic Administration （SOA）. The SOA was restructured earlier this year along with several other government departments.
The rule， which was recently approved by the State Council， highlights the SOA’s expanded duties concerning law enforcement and the protection of maritime rights.
The maritime police command， a department under the SOA， will be tasked with commanding and deploying marine police officers， according to the rule.
The SOA is responsible for conducting law enforcement activities in waters that are under Chinese jurisdiction， the rule says.
Safeguarding maritime boundaries and dealing with criminal activity on the sea are among the SOA’s designated duties.
The rule also says the administration is responsible for guarding the safety of key maritime areas and coping with emergencies.
Urbanization Rate
China’s urbanization rate had reached 52.57 percent by the end of 2012 but about 200 million new urbanites are without urban permanent resident permits， according to the 2012 City Development Report of China released on July 5.
Although the number of Chinese urbanites has surpassed the number of rural residents， there is still a long way to go for China to become a truly city-based nation due to the current registered permanent residence system， or hukou， said the report.
Chinese living in cities or towns with urban hukou enjoy far more benefits in education， medical service and social security than those without.
The report was created by the China Association of Mayors and has been released annually since 2001.
China had a total of 658 cities and 19，881 towns across the country at the end of 2012， according to the report.
Ex-Minister Verdict
China’s former railways minister Liu Zhijun was sentenced to death with a two-year reprieve on July 8 for bribery and abuse of power.
As well as the suspended death sentence， the Beijing No. 2 Intermediate People’s Court deprived the 60-year-old of his political rights for life and confiscated all his personal property for taking bribes. Liu was also sentenced to 10 years in jail for abuse of power， according to the court verdict.
The court found that from 1986 to 2011， Liu took advantage of his positions as an official of local railway bureaus as well as the former Ministry of Railways， and helped 11 people win promotions， project deals and cargo transportation contracts. He accepted 64.6 million yuan （$10.53 million） in bribes from them during this period. The court said that although most of economic losses have been recovered， leniency will not be given regarding Liu’s crime of power abuse， as it is especially serious in terms of both circumstances and consequences.
Language’s Age
Archeologists in China have confirmed that the inscriptions found on artifacts unearthed in east China’s Zhejiang Province represent the earliest record of Chinese characters in history， pushing the origins of the written language back another 1，000 years.
The pottery pieces and stone vessels were unearthed at the Zhuangqiaofen archeological site between 2003 and 2006.
Experts concluded that the symbols represented the earliest known Chinese characters， which could be traced to the Liangzhu civilization during the Neolithic Age some 5，000 years ago in today’s Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces， China Youth Daily reported on July 9.
The inscriptions existed some 1，000 years before oracle bone script， commonly held as the origin of the Chinese language system. Oracular inscriptions on turtle shells date back to the Shang Dynasty（1600-1046 B.C.）.
Xu Xinmin， a researcher with the Zhejiang Archeological Institute， said that the repetitive pattern of some of these symbols led archeologists to believe that the inscription， just like the oracle bone script， is a primitive version of a pictographic language.
Data Cooperation
China began providing remotesensing satellite data to Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization（APSCO） member states on July 5. The China National Space Administration （CNSA） and APSCO signed an agreement on Earthobserving satellite data-sharing at a meeting on the day.
The data will be used to aid in natural disaster reduction and relief in the Asia-Pacific region， according to the agreement.
CNSA Director Ma Xingrui， was elected president of the APSCO Council during the meeting.
APSCO is an inter-governmental organization established in 2005， with China as its host and one of its nine member states.
Baby Panda
Giant panda Yuan Yuan nuzzles her newborn cub after delivery on July 6 at Taipei Zoo in Taiwan.
The female cub was born to Yuan Yuan and male panda Tuan Tuan， which were given to Taiwan in 2008 by the mainland. Yuan Yuan was fertilized via artificial insemination.
The zoo said that the cub will remain in an incubator for one month and subsequently be put in the care of her mother if they are found to be interacting suitably.