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前言磨损是一种非常普遍的现象,凡是运动着的零件不论与金属或非金属接触,甚至与流体接触都有产生磨损的可能性,尤以由磨料所引起的磨损最为剧烈。根据 Avery 的分类,磨料磨耗可分为三大类:1.掘凿磨耗或冲击磨耗——如挖掘机、颚式破碎机等;2.高应力磨耗或磨创性磨耗——如球磨机等;3.低应力划痕磨耗或磨蚀(Erosion)——如犁、水轮机、砂泵等。考虑到磨蚀有干的(喷砂机、烟灰泵等)、湿的(水轮机等)两种条件,它们的磨耗机理各不相同,因此作者以为尚可分为干磨蚀与湿磨蚀两小类。
Foreword Wear is a very common phenomenon. Whenever a moving part is in contact with metal or non-metal, it even has the possibility of contact with the fluid. In particular, wear caused by abrasives is the most severe. According to Avery’s classification, abrasive wear can be divided into three categories: 1. Digging wear or impact wear - such as excavators, jaw crusher, etc .; 2. High-stress wear or abrasive wear - such as ball mill; 3. Low stress scratch wear or abrasion (Erosion) - such as plows, turbines, sand pumps and so on. Taking into account the abrasive dry (sandblasting machine, soot pump, etc.), wet (turbine, etc.) two kinds of conditions, their wear mechanism varies, so the author thinks can still be divided into two categories of dry and wet abrasives.