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众所周知,科研经费分为纵向科研经费和横向科研经费。纵向科研经费来源于财政拨款,横向科研经费则是指从企业、社会机构处获得的课题经费。横向合作是反映科研院所成果转化力度的标杆。然而在过去,很多科研院所对横向合作并不是十分重视,科研经费也主要以纵向经费为主,横向经费所占比例很小。近年来,国家越来越重视企业作为技术创新主体的地位,不少科技计划项目的
As we all know, research funding is divided into vertical research funding and horizontal research funding. The longitudinal research funding comes from the financial appropriation, and the horizontal scientific research appropriation refers to the funds obtained from the enterprises and social institutions. Horizontal cooperation is the benchmark that reflects the transformation of the achievements of scientific research institutes. However, in the past, many research institutes did not attach great importance to horizontal cooperation. Scientific research funding was mainly based on vertical funding while horizontal funding accounted for a very small proportion. In recent years, the state has paid more and more attention to the status of enterprises as the main body of technological innovation. Many science and technology projects