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通常栽培的大白菜一般为二倍体,即个体的染色体组有两组:一组来自其母本(卵细胞);一组来自其父本(精子)。二者结合产生受精卵,进一步发育成二倍体种子。多倍体植物体的染色体组有三组或三组以上,构成了三倍体、四倍体……多倍体蔬菜,如四倍体马铃薯、三倍体无籽西瓜等已在生产上广泛应用。南京农业大学选育的四倍体系列白菜(油菜)品种、河北省农业科学院育成的四倍体系列大白菜品种已在当地推广种植。我们从1995年开始进行四倍体大白菜的选育研究,已组配出优良品系(98T-5F_1)。四倍体大白菜在多种性状方面优于二倍体。现简介如下。一、形态特征由于个体的染色体加倍,体细胞一般较二倍体
Commonly cultivated Chinese cabbage is usually diploid, ie there are two genomic groups in an individual: one from their mother (egg cell); one from their paternal (sperm). The combination of the two produces fertilized eggs that further develop into diploid seeds. Polyploid plant chromosome group of three or more than three groups, constitute the triploid, tetraploid ... ... Polyploid vegetables, such as tetraploid potato, triploid seedless watermelon has been widely used in production . Nanjing University of Agriculture tetraploid cabbage (rape) varieties of breeding, Hebei Academy of Agricultural Sciences tetraploid series of cabbage varieties have been popularized in the local cultivation. We started tetraploid Chinese cabbage breeding research from 1995, and we have already set up a good line (98T-5F_1). Tetraploid Chinese cabbage is superior to diploid in a variety of traits. Now the introduction is as follows. First, morphological characteristics Due to the individual’s chromosome doubling, somatic cells are generally more diploid