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5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)受体广泛分布于中枢和外周神经系统,参与机体多种生理功能的调控。5-HT及其类似物通过与不同亚型、不同部位的5-HT受体结合,对疼痛信号产生抑制或易化作用。在中枢神经系统,下行的5-HT能神经元能够激活抑制性中间神经元而发挥镇痛作用,且镇痛作用的强弱与5-HT能神经元的受体类型和分布密度有关。在外周,5-HT受体能够参与疼痛信号的传导,与痛觉过敏密切相关。本文主要综述了中枢和外周不同亚型5-HT受体在不同部位对疼痛信号的调控作用,为急慢性疼痛治疗与康复的基础理论研究和作用靶点选择提供参考。
5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors are widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous system and are involved in the regulation of various physiological functions of the body. 5-HT and its analogues inhibit or facilitate the pain signal by binding to 5-HT receptors in different subtypes and different sites. In the central nervous system, descending 5-HT neurons can activate inhibitory interneurons to exert analgesic effects. The analgesic effect is related to the type and distribution density of 5-HT neurons. Peripherally, 5-HT receptors are involved in the transmission of pain signals and are closely related to hyperalgesia. This review summarizes the role of 5-HT receptors in central and peripheral subtypes in the regulation of pain signals in different parts of the body and provides references for the basic theoretical research and target selection of acute and chronic pain treatment and rehabilitation.