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目的:总结药品不良反应发生情况,促进临床合理用药。方法:对2007-2008年常山县上报的380例药品不良反应按患者性别、年龄、报告人所在科室、药物类别、给药途径、剂型、不良反应表现类型等进行统计分析,并对药品不良反应事件进行评价。结果:380例ADR报告中,涉及药品64种;年龄段均有分布,但老年人多见;引起ADR的抗菌药物多达48.9%;引起ADR的静脉给药达68.7%;不良反应的临床表现中,以皮肤及附件损害为主占39.2%;ADR发生后经停药,必要时进行抗过敏治疗,大多数预后良好。结论:ADR的发生在临床上是难以完全避免的,其发生与多种因素相关,除科学有效地开展ADR监测工作,健全监督管理机制和技术规范外;临床医师合理用药、药师正确审核处方、护师应规范操作以减少药品不良反应的发生。
Objective: To summarize the occurrence of adverse drug reactions and promote clinical rational use of drugs. Methods: 380 adverse drug reactions reported in Changshan County of 2007-2008 were statistically analyzed according to patient’s gender, age, department, drug category, route of administration, dosage form and adverse drug reaction type of the patient, and adverse drug reaction Event evaluation. Results: Among the 380 cases of ADR, 64 drugs were involved. All of the age groups were well distributed but more common in the elderly. Up to 48.9% of ADR-causing antimicrobial agents were induced. Intravenous ADR was administered up to 68.7%. The clinical manifestations of adverse reactions In the skin and accessories damage accounted for 39.2%; ADR after withdrawal, if necessary, anti-allergy treatment, most of the prognosis is good. Conclusion: The occurrence of ADR is difficult to be completely avoided in clinical practice. The occurrence of ADR is related to many factors. In addition to scientific and effective monitoring of ADR, and sound supervision and management mechanisms and technical specifications, the rational use of drugs by clinicians, correct examination of prescriptions by pharmacists, Nurse should regulate the operation to reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions.