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泥沙及污染物质在自然界搬运、输移,主要依靠运动水流冲刷、挟带来完成.在坡面上一场降雨以薄层漫流形式汇集到沟壑,其流量集中,单位水体侵蚀、挟沙能力迅速增大.本文为了描述象这样的黄土地区径流形成过程中两种不同形式,首先将流域分为面蚀区和重力侵蚀区,然后直接应用干旱地区流域水文模型计算的净雨过程覆盖在坡面面蚀区域上,建立了在坡面层状漫流过程中它所形成的泥沙层状剥蚀、推移质运动方程以及地表流汇集到沟壑河网后,穿过重力侵蚀区的沟蚀悬移质运动方程.本文在这里指出流域产沙主要是由这两种方式引起的. 最后结合岔巴沟流域产沙计算的例子,本文总结了流域下垫面因素对流域产沙量的影响.
Sediment and pollutants are transported and transported in nature and mainly rely on the movement of water currents to flush them and bring them to completion. On the slope, a rainfall pooling into the gully in the form of laminar flow concentrates the flow of water, In order to describe two different forms of runoff formation in this loess area, this paper first divides the basin into surface erosion area and gravity erosion area, and then directly applies the net rain process calculated by the hydrological model of arid area to cover the slope In the area of surface erosion, the layered erosion and pluton movement equation of sediment formed during the stratified flow over the slope is established, and the gully erosion suspended in the gravity erosion area is established after the surface flow converges to the gully river network. This paper points out here that the sediment yield in the basin is mainly caused by these two methods.Finally, the paper summarizes the effects of the underlying surface factors on the sediment yield in the watershed in the Chabagou Catchment.