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目的进一步掌握、熟悉 SARS 流行病学,为预防 SARS 提供科学依据。方法收集全世界 SARS 病毒的流行资料,分析、比较2002/2003年与2003/2004年两次 SARS 流行特征。结果2002/2003年 SARS 仅数月波及全世界31个国家和地区,累计发生病例8437例,死亡872例,病死率10.34%(9.69%～10.99%),显示出 SARS 具有极强的传染性、聚集性、致死性、广泛的地域性。而2003/2004年的 SARS 表现仅为少数几个国家和地区,累计发生病例16例,死亡1例,病死率是6.25%(0.00%～30.00%),虽然两个年度病死率相似(二项分布,P=0.4965),但2003/2004年病例与死亡绝对数极少,显示出较弱的传染性、局限性和有限的地域性。结论 2002/2003年的 SARS 具有极强的传染性、聚集性、致死性和广泛的地域性,显示出传染源、传播途径、易感人群三个环节控制难度。而2003/2004年的 SARS 具有独立性、局限性、有限的地域性,显示出较弱的传染性。
Objective To further understand and be familiar with the epidemiology of SARS and provide a scientific basis for SARS prevention. Methods The epidemic data of the SARS virus in the world were collected and analyzed. The epidemic characteristics of SARS in 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 were compared. Results In 2002/2003, SARS spread to the 31 countries and regions in the world only for a few months. There were 8437 cases of SARS and 872 deaths, with a case fatality rate of 10.34% (9.69% -10.99%), indicating that SARS was highly contagious, Agglomeration, fatal, a wide range of regional. In 2003/2004, SARS showed only a few countries and regions, with a total of 16 cases and 1 death, with a case fatality rate of 6.25% (0.00% ~ 30.00%). Although the two annual mortality rates were similar (Binomial Distribution, P = 0.4965), but the absolute number of cases and deaths in 2003/2004 was extremely small, showing weaker infectivity, limitations and limited geographical distribution. Conclusion The SARS in 2002/2003 is highly contagious, aggregative, lethal and broad-based. It shows that it is difficult to control the three sources of infection sources, transmission routes and susceptible populations. The SARS in 2003/2004 was independent, limited and limited in scope and showed weaker contagiousness.