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巴甫洛夫不仅是一位天才的自然科学家,而且也是一位杰出的思想家。他所建立的生理学说,不但在自然科学上构成了一个新的时代,而且他给马克思列宁主义哲学的某些基本原理提供了自然科学方面的论证。巴甫洛夫的自然科学和哲学的世界观,是在唯物主义的社会政治观念和自然科学思想的影响之下形成起来的,这种思想於19世纪後半期在俄国曾经得到广泛的流传。这一时期的特点,是唯心主义和唯物主义世界观之间的残酷的斗争更加尖锐化。唯心主义世界观的代表们大肆宣传虚伪的哲学推断,硬说感觉、意识、精神好像是第一性的,而物质世界、客观现实却是第二性的,是由意识派生出来的。这些唯心主义者们完全背谬了
Pavlov is not only a talented natural scientist, but also an outstanding thinker. The physiology he built up not only constituted a new era in natural science, but also provided natural science proofs to some of the basic principles of Marxist-Leninist philosophy. Pavlov’s natural sciences and philosophical worldviews were formed under the influence of materialist social and political ideas and the ideas of natural sciences, which were widely circulated in Russia in the latter half of the 19th century. This period is characterized by sharpening the brutal struggle between idealism and a materialistic worldview. Representatives of the idealist world outlook hype the hypocritical philosophical reasoning, saying that feeling, consciousness and spirit seem to be primary, while the material world and objective reality are secondary and derived from consciousness. These idealists are totally absurd