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用多系数考虑钢筋混凝土结构安全度的极限状态设计方法是结构设计方法发展的一个趋向。从极限状态设计原理,对如何更好地体现多系数法的优点和如何确定系数的问题提出了一些意见。认为:1.由于目前对影响结构安全的各种因素还研究得不够,统计资料不足,有关数据的取值,除借助数理统计外,还需要通过实验设计与按旧规范的设计及以往经验作比较,最后予以确定;2.原来超载系数与匀质系数的内容与定义不一致。容易产生误解,建议改为荷载系数与材料强度系教;3.废品限值不是钢材力学性能的特征,建议以平均强度为规范的标准强底,便于应用统计方法,并使材料强度系教的计算方法与混凝土的强度系数取得一致;4.材料强度的取值公式必须以明确的形式反映材料强度的变异性及影响结构强度的其他因素两个组成部分,以(R-ασ)/β代替R-ασ;5.材料的检验方法必须能保证设计规范要求的平均强度,建议工地采用按量检验的方法以代替按质检验的方法。
The limit state design method considering the safety of reinforced concrete structures with multiple coefficients is a trend in the development of structural design methods. From the design principle of limit state, some suggestions are made on how to better embody the advantages of the multi-coefficient method and how to determine the coefficient. It is believed that: 1. Due to insufficient research on various factors affecting structural safety, and insufficient statistical data, the value of relevant data, in addition to mathematical statistics, also needs to be designed through experimental design and old regulations and past experience. Compare and finally determine; 2. The content and definition of original overload coefficient and homogeneity coefficient are inconsistent. It is prone to misunderstanding, and it is recommended to change the load coefficient and material strength to teach; 3. The waste value limit is not a characteristic of the mechanical properties of steel. It is recommended that the average strength be the standard strong bottom, which is convenient for applying statistical methods and make the material strength teachable. The calculation method is consistent with the strength coefficient of the concrete; 4. The formula of the material strength must reflect the variability of the strength of the material and other factors affecting the structural strength in a definite form, replaced by (R-ασ)/β. R-ασ;5. The material inspection method must be able to guarantee the average strength required by the design specification. It is suggested that the site-by-site inspection method be used instead of the quality inspection method.