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目的探讨前置胎盘发病的相关危险因素,为其预防和治疗提供依据。方法采用病例对照研究的方法,选择42例前置胎盘孕产妇作为病例组,随机抽取同期56例正常孕产妇作为对照组,采用单因素和多因素方法筛选前置胎盘发病的危险因素。结果前置胎盘的发病率为0.9%。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、文化程度、胎次、流产史、引产史、生育史、剖宫产史、子宫畸形史、盆腔炎史、瘢痕子宫等因素对前置胎盘发病均有不同程度的影响。多因素结果显示前置胎盘发病的危险因素包括年龄(OR=4.216)、文化程度(OR=3.695)、胎次(OR=3.463)、流产史(OR=6.462)、子宫畸形史(OR=8.457)、盆腔炎史(OR=5.038)。结论年龄大、中学以下文化程度、胎次越多、有流产史、有子宫畸形史及盆腔史均为前置胎盘发病的高危因素。
Objective To investigate the risk factors associated with placenta previa and to provide basis for its prevention and treatment. Methods A case-control study was conducted in 42 cases of placenta previa as a case group and 56 normal pregnant women were randomly selected as the control group. The risk factors of placenta previa were screened by univariate and multivariate methods. The incidence of placenta previa was 0.9%. Univariate analysis showed that age, educational level, parity, abortion history, induced labor history, childbirth history, history of cesarean section, history of uterus malformation, history of pelvic inflammatory disease, scar uterus and other factors have different degrees of placenta previa influences. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors of placenta previa included age (OR = 4.216), education level (OR = 3.695), parity (OR = 3.463), history of miscarriage (OR = 6.462), history of uterine malformation ), History of pelvic inflammatory disease (OR = 5.038). Conclusion The age, the following education level, the more parity, abortion history, history of uterine malformation and pelvic history are placenta previa high risk factors.