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评论家多从宗教寓言的角度解读美国19世纪著名浪漫主义作家纳桑尼尔.霍桑的短篇小说《通天铁路》,但思考文中的人物塑造、自然被表征的方式及小说的故事,我们有新的解读,认为霍桑在对宗教探索的同时,也在对当时的时事进行思考,表现了他对现代化进程加速中人被从自然中迅速异化出来的忧虑,对社会文化的反思:人主体不断扩张,自诩为世界的中心,却成了自己创造物的牺牲品;并通过那两位徒步香客与以畅捷先生为代表的现代人的对比,作者强化了什么样的文化、什么样的生活方式才是合乎自然规律的,才是通向那与自然融合与共的“天城”之路。这样的探索深刻地传达出了20世纪兴起的生态批评理论的深层意蕴。
Many critics from the perspective of religious allegories interpret the famous 19th-century American romantic writer Nathaniel Hawthorne’s short story “Sky-Rail”, but think about the characterization of the article, the way it is naturally characterized and the novel’s story. We have In the new interpretation, Hawthorne thought that while exploring religion, he was also thinking about the current affairs at that time, showing his anxiety about the rapid alienation of nature from man in the process of modernization and the reflection on social culture: Constant expansion, self-proclaimed the center of the world, has become the victim of their own creation; and through the two pilgrims compared with modern people, represented by Mr. Chang Jie, what kind of culture and what kind of The way of life is in conformity with the law of nature, which leads to the “Heavenly City” way of integration with nature. Such exploration profoundly conveyed the deep meaning of the ecological criticism theory that emerged in the 20th century.