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作者报导104名(男76例,女28例,年龄2～89岁)急性肾功能衰竭患者的病程和预后。在病因方面,除低血容量休克外,肾毒性药物是造成急性肾功能衰竭的第二个最常见原因,占所有病例数的21％。总的死亡率为57％,外科手术、年龄、性别与死亡率的关系不大。肾毒药物引起肾功能衰竭患者的死亡率(36％)较低血容量休克(64％)、心源性休克(77％)或心律失常(80％)患者显著低(P值分别<0.05,<0.025及<0.025)。25％的患者并无少尿症,这些患者死亡率(38％)较少尿患者(62％)低(P<0.05),且高血钾发生率亦较低(50％比68％)。出现充血性心力衰竭或腹水时预后较差。有79名患者使用速尿治疗,剂量由40～500毫克不等,静注给药,多数患者(63例或80％)使用的剂量超过200毫克。51例(64％)
The authors report the course and prognosis of 104 patients (76 males and 28 females, aged 2 to 89 years) with acute renal failure. In terms of etiology, nephrotoxic drugs are the second most common cause of acute renal failure, accounting for 21% of all cases, except for hypovolemic shock. The overall mortality rate was 57%, and surgery, age, sex and mortality were not. Nephrotoxicity caused renal failure mortality (36%) in patients with hypovolemic shock (64%), cardiogenic shock (77%) or arrhythmia (80%) significantly lower (P <0.05, <0.025 and <0.025). Twenty-five percent of patients had no oliguria, with a lower mortality rate (38%) in these patients (62%) (P <0.05) and a lower incidence of hyperkalemia (50% vs. 68%). The prognosis is poor when there is congestive heart failure or ascites. In 79 patients, furosemide was administered at doses ranging from 40 to 500 mg administered intravenously, with most patients (63 or 80%) using doses exceeding 200 mg. 51 cases (64%)