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本文考察了日语中反复与惯常的表达方式,以及二者之间的关系。日语中没有专门表示反复的语法形式——反复体,只能由完整体或持续体借助语境或时间名词、时间副词等词汇手段的帮助来表示反复的语法意义。其中,时间副词和时间名词在表示反复义方面起到了积极、重要的作用。完整体与持续体的对立趋于中和是日语中反复表达方式的主要特征。从语义类型来看,反复可分为惯常性反复和非惯常性反复;惯常可分为惯常性反复、特定主体的特性以及一般特性。惯常性反复是反复与惯常表达方式的交集,也分别是二者的核心部分。
This article examines repeated and customary expressions in Japanese as well as the relationship between the two. There is no specific repetitive grammatical form in Japanese - repetition, which means repetitive grammatical meanings can only be expressed by the help of complete or continuum lexicons such as context or time nouns and time adverbs. Among them, adverbs of time and time nouns play an active and important role in representing the meaning of repetition. The opposition of complete body and persistence tends to be neutralized as the main feature of repeated expression in Japanese. Semantic types from the point of view, repeated can be divided into recurrent and non-recurrent habit of non-recurrent; customary can be divided into habitual repetition, the characteristics of a particular subject and the general characteristics. Frequent repetition is the intersection of repetition with the usual expressions and also the core of both.