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商标合理使用是商标权限制的核心和首要内容,是平衡商标权与社会公共利益的有效途径。在商标权私益扩张的今天,有必要建立并完善合理使用制度以适当限制商标权,保护社会公共利益。本文详细介绍美国1946年《Lanham法令》第1115节(b)(4)规定的法定合理使用原则和法官创设的指示性合理使用原则的内涵、适用范围、构成要件,分析并评价了合理使用原则与混淆可能的关系。最后,笔者探讨了我国合理使用立法现状及存在的不足,并借鉴美国相对发达的立法和丰富的司法实践,提出了完善我国合理使用制度相关建议。
The rational use of trademarks is the core and primary content of the restriction of trademark rights, which is an effective way to balance trademark rights and social public interests. Nowadays, in the expansion of the private rights of trademark rights, it is necessary to establish and perfect the system of fair use to appropriately restrict the trademark rights and protect the public interests. This article details the connotation, applicable scope and constitutional elements of the legal principle of fair use set forth in Section 1115 (b) (4) of the Lanham Act of 1946 and the principle of indicative fair use created by judges. The principle of fair use is analyzed and evaluated Possible confusion with the relationship. Finally, the author discusses the status quo and existing problems of our country's fair use of legislation, and draws lessons from the relatively developed legislation of the United States and rich judicial practice, puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect our country's fair use system.