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目的了解河南省某市食品中食源性致病菌的污染状况,并对检出的菌株进行耐药性分析,为评价现有食品安全监督措施以及指导临床用药提供科学依据。方法根据食品风险监测要求,随机选取该市不同超市、饭店、早餐点等分别采集销售的各类食品样品。按照《2015年全国食源性致病菌监测工作手册》提供的检测方法进行检测,同时采用微量肉汤稀释法对检出的致病菌进行抗生素耐药性研究。结果共抽取9类食品285份样品,在23份肉及肉制品(生畜肉)、123份肉及肉制品(生猪肉)、20份水产品(动物性淡水产品)中检出沙门菌,检出率分别为39.13%、30.08%和5.00%。金黄色葡萄球菌在25份乳及乳制品、23份肉及肉制品(生畜肉)、9份三明治和21份沙拉中的检出率分别为8.00%、65.22%、11.11%和33.33%。23份肉及肉制品(生畜肉)、20份水产品(动物性淡水产品)、23份水产品(动物性海水产品)的单增李斯特菌检出率分别为13.04%、5.00%和4.35%,致泻大肠埃希菌未检出。21份流动早餐的蜡样芽胞杆菌的检出率为33.33%(7/21)。沙门菌(G-)对阿米卡星、庆大霉素、头孢噻肟耐药率达100.00%。金黄色葡萄球菌(G+)对氨苄青霉素、青霉素耐药率为100.00%。结论该市部分市售食品中致病菌污染情况较为严重,且出现较为严重的耐药情况,相关部门应加强市售食品的监管及抗生素使用的管理。
Objective To understand the contamination status of food-borne pathogenic bacteria in a city of Henan Province and analyze the drug resistance of the detected strains to provide a scientific basis for evaluating the existing food safety supervision measures and guiding the clinical use of drugs. Methods According to the requirements of food risk monitoring, all kinds of food samples collected and sold separately in different supermarkets, restaurants and breakfast spots in the city were randomly selected. In accordance with the “2015 National Foodborne Pathogen Monitoring Manual” to provide detection methods for testing, while using the broth microdilution method for the detection of pathogenic bacteria for antibiotic resistance. Results A total of 285 samples of 9 types of food were collected and Salmonella was detected in 23 meat and meat products (raw meat), 123 meat and meat products (raw pork) and 20 aquatic products (animal freshwater products) The rates were 39.13%, 30.08% and 5.00% respectively. The detection rates of Staphylococcus aureus in 25 milk and dairy products, 23 meat and meat products (raw meat), 9 sandwiches and 21 salads were 8.00%, 65.22%, 11.11% and 33.33% respectively. The detection rates of Listeria monocytogenes in 23 meat and meat products (raw meat), 20 aquatic products (animal freshwater products) and 23 aquatic products (animal sea products) were 13.04%, 5.00% and 4.35 %, Diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli was not detected. The prevalence of Bacillus cereus in 21 breakfast samples was 33.33% (7/21). Salmonella (G-) resistance to amikacin, gentamicin, cefotaxime resistance rate of 100.00%. Staphylococcus aureus (G +) against ampicillin, penicillin resistance rate of 100.00%. Conclusion Some of the commercially available foodstuffs in the city are seriously polluted by pathogens, and there is a serious case of drug resistance. Relevant departments should strengthen the supervision of commercial foodstuffs and the management of antibiotic use.