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目的了解深圳市龙华新区小学生健康素养状况及其影响因素,为新区开展小学生健康素养干预提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取新区4个街道的1 551名一~六年级的小学生进行问卷调查。结果新区小学生具备的总健康素养比例为10.2%,其中具备健康基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、健康技能的比例分别为5.2%,28.6%和70.2%。单因素分析发现是否具备健康素养与性别、年级、父母文化程度、自评学习成绩有关(χ2值分别为6.02,120.44,18.69,24.62,51.92,P值均<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,影响小学生总体健康素养的因素包括年级(OR=2.086)和自评学习成绩(OR=0.954);年级、自评学习成绩越高,小学生健康素养水平越高。结论新区小学生健康素养比全市水平低,应重点加强学校和家长的健康教育工作。
Objective To understand the status of primary school students ’health literacy and its influencing factors in Longhua New District, Shenzhen, and to provide the basis for primary school students’ health literacy intervention. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 1 551 pupils from 1st to 6th grade in 4 streets of the new district for questionnaire survey. Results The proportion of primary health literacy among primary school pupils in the New District was 10.2%. Among them, 5.2%, 28.6% and 70.2% of them had the basic knowledge and philosophy of health, healthy lifestyles and behaviors, and health skills respectively. Univariate analysis found that whether there is health literacy and gender, grade, parental education level, self-rated learning performance (χ2 values were 6.02,120.44,18.69,24.62,51.92, P <0.05). The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors affecting primary health literacy of primary school students included grade (OR = 2.086) and self-rated learning achievement (OR = 0.954). Grade and self-evaluation scores were higher, and pupils’ health literacy level was higher. Conclusion The health literacy of primary school students in the new district is lower than that of the whole city, and the health education of schools and parents should be emphasized.