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为了解烃类对微生物的作用机制,通过人工微宇宙装置进行实验室水平模拟,结合培养法和分子生物学检测技术,以典型含油气区块土壤样品中的油气指示微生物为研究对象,探讨在模拟微渗漏条件下,一定驯化周期内不同轻烃组分驯化下油气指示微生物的数量变化和群落结构演替特征.结果显示,在微量轻烃(1×10~(-8))持续驯化下,土壤中油气指示微生物数量发生了不同程度的增长,甲烷驯化组中甲烷氧化菌的菌落数量增长了76.5%,pmo A基因丰度增幅达180.0%;丁烷驯化组中丁烷氧化菌的菌落数量增长了212.0%,bmo X基因丰度增幅达285.0%.16S rRNA高通量测序进一步显示,在模拟微渗漏(1×10~(-8))的条件下,油气指示微生物属于低丰度种群,其中Methylococcaceae(甲基球菌)、Methylophilaceae(嗜甲基菌)、Methylocystis(甲基孢囊菌)等微生物与甲烷正相关,Rhodosprillaceae(红螺菌)、Pseudonocardia(伪诺卡式菌)等微生物与丁烷正相关,其他的一些硝化微生物Nitrospira(硝化螺旋菌)、Xanthomonas(黄单胞菌)等则与烃类负相关.本研究深化了关于气态烃对油气微生物作用机制的认识,可为油气微生物勘探技术提供新思路.(图6表2参33)
In order to understand the mechanism of action of hydrocarbons on microorganisms, laboratory-level simulation using artificial micro-universe devices, combined with culture and molecular biology detection techniques, oil and gas indicator microorganisms in typical oil and gas-bearing block soil samples were studied, Under simulated microleakage conditions, the quantity of oil and gas indicating microorganisms and the succession of community structure under the domestication of different light hydrocarbon components during a certain acclimation period showed that in light of the gradual domestication of light hydrocarbons (1 × 10 -8) , The amount of oil and gas indicated microorganisms in soil increased to some extent. The number of methanotrophs in methanogenic group increased by 76.5% and the abundance of pmo A gene increased by 180.0%. Butane-oxidizing bacteria in butane acclimation group The number of colonies increased by 212.0% and the abundance of bmo X gene increased by 285.0% .16S rRNA sequencing further showed that under simulated microleakage (1 × 10 -8) Abundance populations, of which Methylococcaceae, Methylophilaceae, Methylocystis and other microorganisms are positively correlated with methane, Rhodosprillaceae, Pseudonocardia, Bacteria and other microorganisms are positively related to butane, and some other nitrifying microorganisms such as Nitrospira and Xanthomonas are negatively correlated with hydrocarbons.This study deepens the mechanism of action of gaseous hydrocarbons on the microorganisms of oil and gas Understanding, can provide new ideas for oil and gas microbiological exploration technology (Figure 6 Table 2 Reference 33)