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声波在介貭中传播时,一般取两个量来描写其传播特征,即声速及由于介貭吸收声能而引起的声強衰減系数。往往把这两个量的組合統称为传播常数。测量这两常数的实驗方法很多,如干涉法、光学法、脉冲法等。此外也可用共振杆法来测量声速,用混响法測量吸收。本文中所討論的干涉法是测量流体(气体或液体)中传播常数的重要方法之一,它是由Pierce在1925年首先提出的。对于一些特殊
When a sound wave propagates through a medium, two quantities are typically used to characterize its propagation characteristics, namely the speed of sound and the attenuation of sound intensity due to the absorption of sound energy by the medium. Often the combination of these two quantities is called the propagation constant. Many experimental methods to measure these two constants, such as interference method, optical method, pulse method. In addition, the resonance rod method can also be used to measure the speed of sound, with the reverb method to measure absorption. The interferometry method discussed in this article is one of the important methods for measuring the propagation constant in a fluid (gas or liquid), first proposed by Pierce in 1925. For some special