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金属铀的表面极活泼,易氧化腐蚀。为降低金属铀表面的活性,人们曾尝试采用真空热氧化的办法在其表面形成所谓的一氧化铀。应用X射线光电子能谱(X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy,XPS)和俄歇电子能谱(Auger Electron Spectroscopy,AES)研究了金属铀真空热氧化膜及其在大气中腐蚀的产物。分析结果得到金属铀真空热氧化膜主要含有二氧化铀(UO_2)和含氧碳化铀相(UC_xO_(1-x))。采用AES相对灵敏度因子法计算出UC_xO_(1-x)相组成近似为UC_(0.41±0.04)O_(0.62±0.01)。真空热氧化膜中的含氧碳化铀相在大气中会继续氧化腐蚀并产生二氧化铀和非束缚态碳。讨论了表面含氧碳化铀相对金属铀腐蚀性能的影响,认为表面含氧碳化铀相的存在是延缓金属铀在大气气氛中腐蚀的关键因数。
Uranium metal surface is extremely lively, easy oxidation corrosion. In order to reduce the activity of the surface of uranium metal, people have tried to use the method of vacuum thermal oxidation in the formation of the so-called surface of uranium oxide. The uranium vacuum thermal oxide film and its corrosion products in the atmosphere were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The results show that the uranium vacuum thermal oxide film mainly contains UO2 and UC_xO_ (1-x). The composition of UC_xO_ (1-x) phase was calculated as UC 0.41 ± 0.04 O_ (0.62 ± 0.01) using AES relative sensitivity factor method. The oxygen-containing uranyl carbide phase in the vacuum thermal oxide film will continue to oxidize and corrode in the atmosphere and produce uranium dioxide and non-bound carbon. The effect of surface oxygenated uranium carbide on uranium corrosion was discussed. The existence of surface oxygen-containing uranium carbide was considered as the key factor to retard the corrosion of uranium in the atmosphere.