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一、引言环境放射性测量,由于放射性含量低,核素成份复杂,环境介质成份,密度变化很大,很难得到准确的数据。为了减少分析的系统误差,环境放射性分析中往往采用环境放射性标准物质和参考物质。1973IAEA(国际原子能机构),1975NBS(美国国家标准局)开始发布环境放射性标准物质和参考物质。我国也开展了与环境放射性参考物质有关的工作。1982年中国计量科学院组织NBS河泥标准放射性参考物质的比对。1984年七所组织核工部环境样品γ能谱测量和比对。国防科工委放射性计量一级站获
I. INTRODUCTION Environmental radioactivity measurement, due to low radioactive content, complex radionuclides, large variations in the composition and density of environmental media, make it difficult to obtain accurate data. In order to reduce the systematic error of analysis, environmental radioactive standard and reference materials are often used in environmental radioactive analysis. 1973IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency), 1975NBS (United States National Bureau of Standards) began publishing environmental radioactive reference materials and reference materials. Our country also carried out work related to radioactive reference materials for the environment. In 1982 the Chinese Academy of Metrology organized NBS river mud standard radioactive reference material comparison. Measurement and comparison of γ spectra of environmental samples by seven organizations of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry in. National Defense Science and Technology Commission radioactive metering station was