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目的了解陕西省居民死亡情况,为制定有针对性的疾病预防控制策略提供相应的理论依据。方法通过对2014年陕西省居民死因监测数据进行分析,分别计算死亡率、标化死亡率、死因构成比、死因顺位、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)、减寿率(PYLLR)和平均减寿年数(AYLL)等居民死亡情况相关指标。结果 2014年陕西省居民总死亡率为579.10/10万,经死因回顾调查数据校正后死亡率为668.64/10万,男性死亡率高于女性(χ2=193.02,P<0.05),不同年龄段的死因各有特点。心脏病、脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、伤害以及呼吸系统疾病是造成2014年陕西省居民死亡前5位的原因。期望寿命男性为74.20岁,女性为79.26岁。而恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病、心脏病、伤害和呼吸系统疾病则是导致2014年陕西省居民潜在寿命损失前5位的疾病。结论影响陕西省居民健康和寿命的主要疾病为心、脑血管疾病和恶性肿瘤,提示慢性病已成为严重的公共卫生问题,应重点关注并且采取有效的综合干预措施。
Objective To understand the death of residents in Shaanxi Province and provide corresponding theoretical basis for the formulation of targeted disease prevention and control strategies. Methods By analyzing the data of death causes of residents in Shaanxi Province in 2014, the mortality, standardized mortality, the cause of death, the cause of death, the number of years of potential life lost (PYLL), the rate of decrease of life expectancy (PYLLR) and the average life expectancy Years (AYLL) and other residents death related indicators. Results The total death rate of residents in Shaanxi Province in 2014 was 579.10 / lakh. The adjusted death toll was 668.64 / lakh. The mortality rate was higher in males than in females (χ2 = 193.02, P <0.05). In different age groups The causes of death have their own characteristics. Heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, cancer, injuries and respiratory diseases were responsible for the top 5 deaths in Shaanxi Province in 2014. The life expectancy is 74.20 for males and 79.26 for females. Malignancies, cerebrovascular diseases, heart diseases, injuries and respiratory diseases were the top 5 diseases that caused the potential loss of life expectancy of residents in Shaanxi Province in 2014. Conclusion The main diseases affecting the health and longevity of residents in Shaanxi Province are heart, cerebrovascular disease and malignant tumor. It suggests that chronic diseases have become a serious public health problem and should be focused on and effective comprehensive interventions should be taken.