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理解语言必须了解文化,理解文化必须了解语言,两者相辅相成。为避免或减少文化负迁移对翻译的影响,必须增强对文化共同之处的掌握度,提高对文化差异的敏感性。在汉英翻译中,文化负迁移对词义理解的干扰主要表现在语义的空缺、冲突、联想意象等方面。只有深刻了解汉英文化差异,克服文化负迁移的影响,透过词语表层的指称意义,才能弄清词语深层的真实含义,并采取适当的翻译方法,才能使得译文最切近而又最自然。
Understand the language must understand the culture, understand the language must understand the language, the two complement each other. In order to avoid or reduce the impact of negative cultural transfer on translation, it is necessary to enhance the mastery of the commonalities of the cultures and increase the sensitivity to cultural differences. In the translation between Chinese and English, the negative influence of negative cultural transfer on the understanding of lexical meaning mainly lies in the vacancy of semantics, the conflict and the image of association. Only by deeply understanding the cultural difference between Chinese and English and overcoming the negative influence of negative cultural transfer can we get the true meaning of the deep words through the reference meaning of the words and expressions and adopt the proper method of translation so as to make the translation the most immediate and the most natural.