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目的了解北京市房山区常住居民健康知识、行为及其影响因素,指导健康教育工作。方法采取随机整群抽样方法,从北京市房山区8个社区(村)抽取600名居民进行问卷调查。结果北京市房山区居民健康知识知晓率和行为形成率分别为52.5%和58.6%。健康知识知晓情况:膳食知识及慢性病防治知识平均答对率为64.0%和67.1%;运动标准、体重和腰围知识平均答对率为30.0%和30.6%。健康知识及行为总得分高分组271人(45.7%)。logistic回归分析显示,性别和职业对调查人群健康知识及行为总得分的影响有统计学意义(χ~2=7.952,P<0.05;χ~2=25.247,P<0.05)。女性高分比例大于男性,OR值为0.616(95%CI:0.440-0.863);与农林牧渔人员相比,企事业单位人员的高分比例大,OR值分别为2.234(95%CI:1.261-3.958)。结论北京市房山区居民的健康知识知晓率和健康行为形成率有待继续提高。需针对不同人群制定不同的健康策略,利用多种社区资源及寻找较好健康教育手段因材施教。
Objective To understand the health knowledge, behaviors and influencing factors of resident residents in Fangshan District, Beijing, and to guide the health education. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to collect 600 residents from 8 communities (villages) in Fangshan District of Beijing for questionnaire survey. Results The rates of awareness and behaviors of residents in Fangshan District of Beijing were 52.5% and 58.6%, respectively. Knowledge of health knowledge: dietary knowledge and knowledge of chronic disease prevention and control average response rate was 64.0% and 67.1%; exercise standard, weight and waist circumference knowledge of the average response rate was 30.0% and 30.6%. The total score of health knowledge and behavior was 271 (45.7%). Logistic regression analysis showed that gender and occupation had statistically significant effect on health knowledge and total score of behavior (χ ~ 2 = 7.952, P <0.05; χ ~ 2 = 25.247, P <0.05). The odds ratio was 0.616 (95% CI: 0.440-0.863). Compared with the husbandry and fishery of agriculture, forestry, forestry and fishery, enterprises and institutions had a high proportion of high scores with ORs of 2.234 (95% CI: 1.261 -3.958). Conclusion The residents of Fangshan District, Beijing know the health knowledge and health behavior formation rate needs to continue to improve. Different health strategies need to be developed for different groups of people, using various community resources and looking for better health education to teach students in accordance with their aptitudes.