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干细胞是一类具有自我更新和分化潜能的细胞,按照其来源可分为胚胎干细胞和成年干细胞。昆虫中也同样存在多种干细胞。开展昆虫干细胞自我更新、发育命运决定、分化潜能等特性以及其与周围微环境相互关系的研究,对农林害虫的生物防治、经济昆虫的遗传育种以及一些生物反应器材料的利用,甚至对于人类疾病的治疗等都具有重要意义。以模式生物果蝇为主,介绍了昆虫干细胞的相关研究进展,重点集中在果蝇各种组织干细胞的鉴定与识别方面,包括研究较成熟的生殖腺内干细胞、中肠干细胞、马氏管干细胞、神经母细胞和造血干细胞。同时介绍了对干细胞维持起重要调控作用的各种信号途径的研究进展。这些昆虫干细胞的研究成果将为开展家蚕等鳞翅目昆虫的干细胞研究提供启示。
Stem cells are a class of cells that have the potential for self-renewal and differentiation and can be divided into embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells according to their origin. Insects also exist in a variety of stem cells. To carry out self-renewal of insect stem cells, developmental fate decision, differentiation potential and other characteristics and their relationship with the surrounding microenvironment research, the biological control of agricultural and forestry pests, genetic breeding of economic insects and some bioreactor material utilization, and even human diseases The treatment is of great significance. Based on the model flies, the research progress of insect stem cells was introduced. The focus was on the identification and identification of various tissue stem cells in Drosophila, including the study of more mature gonad stem cells, midgut stem cells, Neuroblasts and hematopoietic stem cells. The progress of various signal pathways that play an important regulatory role in the maintenance of stem cells is also introduced. The research results of these insect stem cells will provide enlightenment for the stem cell research of Lepidoptera such as silkworm.