论文部分内容阅读
在集约化软质红粒冬小麦生产中,植物生长调节剂乙烯利常用来降低株高、防止倒伏。关于乙烯利对产量性状的影响目前还没有进行广泛的研究。本研究旨在测定软质红粒冬小麦生产中,乙烯利是否可改变氮的利用并影响其它产量性状。用9个栽培品种在美国肯塔基州的列克星敦附近进行了2年试验,土质为Maury粉砂壤土,两个试验中几乎无倒伏。经乙烯利处理的小区,花期植株氮明显增大。在Feeker第6生育期(GS_6)和第9生育期(GS_9)处理的分别增加12％和15％;干物质分别增加9％和11％。但是,乙烯利既没有明显改变成熟植株含氮量,也没有明显改变它的干物质量。在经乙烯利处理的小区中,营养氮的再分配增加13％。测定栽培品种氮利用率的差异时,无论哪一个GS施用乙烯利都增加氮吸收率对氮再分配率的相对值。乙烯利的应用,不改变籽粒产量、收获指数或氮获得指标,对籽粒生长率和生长期无影响。在GS_6时,略微减少籽粒大小(4％)。作者认为,乙烯利对所评价的产量性状影响极小。但是,有关乙烯利对不同栽培品种在氮利用率方面的明显影响还值得进一步研究。
In intensive soft red winter wheat production, plant growth regulators ethephon is often used to reduce plant height and prevent lodging. The effect of ethephon on yield traits has not been extensively studied so far. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ethephon could alter nitrogen utilization and affect other yield traits in soft red winter wheat production. A two-year trial of nine cultivars near Lexington, Kentucky, USA, was carried out on a Maury silty loam with almost no lodging in both tests. In the area treated with ethephon, the nitrogen content of flowering plants increased obviously. The treatments increased by 12% and 15% at Feeker 6th and 9th growth stages (GS_6) and 9% and 11% respectively. However, ethephon neither significantly changed the nitrogen content of mature plants nor did it significantly alter its dry matter mass. In ethephon-treated plots, the redistribution of nutrient nitrogen increased by 13%. When determining the difference in nitrogen use efficiency of cultivars, the relative value of nitrogen absorption rate to nitrogen redistribution rate was increased irrespective of which GS was applied. The application of ethephon did not change the grain yield, harvest index or nitrogen index, had no effect on grain growth rate and growth period. At GS_6, the grain size was slightly reduced (4%). The authors concluded that ethephon had minimal effect on the yield traits evaluated. However, the significant impact of ethephon on the nitrogen use efficiency of different cultivars deserves further study.