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通过构建全国尺度上森林叶凋落量和总凋落量与年平均温度、年平均降雨量和实际蒸散量的关系模型,应用地统计学分析方法,并结合遥感解译的森林覆盖信息,分析2001、2006和2012年中国森林叶凋落量和总凋落量的空间分布及其变异格局.结果表明:与年平均温度和降雨量相比,区域尺度上实际蒸散量对森林叶凋落量和总凋落量有更好的解释预测关系;分布于中南地区的常绿阔叶林的年凋落量最高,为636.2 g·m~(-2),分布于东北地区的温带落叶阔叶林的年凋落量范围为339~385 g·m~(-2),其中,森林叶凋落量约占总凋落量的70%.2001、2006和2012年,全国森林凋落总量分别为801、865和1032 Tg,呈明显增长趋势,而基于遥感图像解译的森林年覆盖率分别为18%、20%和24%,呈增长趋势.我国人工林面积的迅速增加和林分生长,极大影响了森林凋落物量及其动态变化,进而对森林生态系统物质循环产生重要影响.
By constructing the model of the relationship between the amount of litterfall and total litterfall on the national scale with the annual average temperature, annual average rainfall and actual evapotranspiration, the geostatistical analysis method and the forest cover information interpreted by remote sensing were used to analyze the relationship between the annual, The results showed that compared with the average annual temperature and rainfall, the actual evapotranspiration at the regional scale had significant effects on the litterfall and total litterfall in the forest The annual litterfall in the evergreen broad-leaved forest distributed in Central South China was the highest (636.2 g · m -2). The annual litterfall in the temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest distributed in the Northeast China ranged from 339-385 g · m -2, of which, the amount of forest leaf litter accounted for about 70% of total litterfall.The total amount of forest litter in China in 2001, 2006 and 2012 were 801, 865 and 1032 Tg, respectively While the annual coverage of forest based on remote sensing image interpretation is 18%, 20% and 24%, respectively, showing an increasing trend.The rapid growth of forest area and the stand growth in China have greatly affected the amount of forest litter and its Dynamic changes, and then the forest ecosystem material recycling Have a significant impact.