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二次大战后,一些工业发达的国家,建设速度所以比较快,建筑技术水平比较高,与建筑材料的发展是分不开的。国外建筑材料发展的总的趋势是:一方面从使用功能的要求出发,提高居住性能(如耐久性,隔音、隔热、保温、防水、防火等),施工省力化,生产工业化,品种多样化;另一方面是从节省能源和资源出发,尽量少用或不用耗能量多的建筑材料,大力节约木材。今后发展建筑材料的主要途径是:改造传统材料,有效地利用工业废料和地方自然资源,积极开发合成高分子材料。现在将几种主要建筑材料的发展情况介绍如下。
After the Second World War, some industrially advanced countries had faster construction speeds, higher levels of building technology, and were inseparable from the development of building materials. The general trend of the development of foreign construction materials is: On the one hand, starting from the requirements of the use of functions, improving the living performance (such as durability, sound insulation, heat insulation, heat preservation, waterproof, fire prevention, etc.), labor-saving construction, industrialization of production, variety of species On the other hand, starting from saving energy and resources, use as little or no energy-intensive building materials as possible, and save a lot of wood. The main ways to develop building materials in the future are to transform traditional materials, make effective use of industrial waste and local natural resources, and actively develop synthetic polymer materials. The development of several major building materials is now described below.