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为评价开放手术对输尿管结石的治疗作用，对425例（443侧）输尿管结石患者选择了开放手术治疗。结果疗效满意，成功率为98．6％。认为开放手术操作简便，疗效确切，在处理复杂性输尿管结石时仍具有重要作用。有下列情况者大多需要作开放手术治疗：①并发输尿管其他梗阻因素的结石。②并发严重感染、巨大积液或患肾功能严重受损的结石。③已出现肾后性肾功能不全的双侧结石或孤立肾输尿管结石。④体外冲击波碎石和（或）腔内操作失败的结石。⑤结石太大（横径＞1．2cm）或停留时间太长（＞3年）的输尿管结石。
To evaluate the therapeutic effect of open surgery on ureteral calculi, open surgery was performed on 425 patients (443 sides) with ureteral calculi. The results were satisfactory, the success rate was 98.6%. That the open surgery is simple and effective, the exact effect, still have an important role in the treatment of complex ureteral stones. Most of the following conditions are required for open surgery: ① other complications of ureteral stones. ② complicated by severe infection, huge fluid or suffering from serious renal dysfunction stones. ③ has emerged renal renal dysfunction bilateral ureteral stones or ureteral stones. ④ extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and (or) cavity operation failed stone. ⑤ too large stones (diameter> 1.2cm) or residence time is too long (> 3 years) of ureteral stones.