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崇高是个古老的美学范畴。古罗马修辞学家、美学家朗吉弩斯(213—273)在《论崇高》中,对于崇高的对象、特征、类型、效果等问题,进行了精辟的论述。他认为:崇高的对象是壮观的宇宙。崇高的特征是“不平凡的”、“伟大的”、“奇特的”:有日月星辰的伟大,有火山海洋的壮观,所以崇高的类型表现为体积之大和力量之大两个方面。就崇高的效果来说,必须令人“肃然起敬畏之情”、“使人惊心动魄”。从作者的论述中,可以看出:凡是能激起人观赏、赞叹与惊心动魄之情的不平凡的、伟大的、奇特的事物,叫做
Sublime is an ancient category of aesthetics. Ancient Roman rhetorician and aestheticist Ronjibis (213-273) made a brilliant exposition on the sublime objects, characteristics, types and effects in “On Sublime”. He thinks: the lofty object is the spectacular universe. The lofty features are “extraordinary”, “great” and “peculiar”: the greatness of sun and moon and stars, the magnificence of the volcano and the sea, so the sublime types are represented in terms of their size and strength. In the sublime effect, it must be “awe-inspiring”, “thrilling.” From the author’s discourse, we can see that all the extraordinary, great, peculiar things that can arouse people’s appreciation, praise, and soul-stirring are called